Tampa Bay is home to beautiful historic architecture, from the cigar factories of Ybor City to century-old homes throughout the region. Preserving these brick structures requires specialized knowledge and techniques that differ significantly from new construction.
Understanding Historic Masonry
Historic brick and mortar are fundamentally different from modern materials. Old lime-based mortars are softer and more flexible than today's Portland cement mortars. Using the wrong mortar type is the most common mistake in historic restoration and can cause serious damage.
Why Mortar Matters
Historic soft-fired bricks absorb and release moisture through the mortar joints. When hard Portland cement mortar is used, moisture gets trapped in the brick, causing spalling (surface flaking) and accelerated deterioration. Proper restoration uses lime-based mortars that match the original composition.
Common Issues We Address
Mortar Deterioration
Repointing (also called tuckpointing) involves removing deteriorated mortar and replacing it with new mortar that matches the original in composition, color, and profile. We use hand tools rather than power tools to avoid damaging historic brick.
Brick Spalling
When brick faces flake off, we assess whether the cause is moisture intrusion, improper previous repairs, or natural wear. Solutions range from consolidation treatments to careful brick replacement using salvaged matching brick.
Efflorescence
Those white salt deposits on brick indicate moisture problems. We identify and address the moisture source before cleaning the affected areas with appropriate products that won't harm the historic masonry.
The Restoration Process
Quality historic restoration follows these steps:
- Documentation: We photograph and assess the existing conditions, identifying original materials and any previous repairs.
- Mortar Analysis: For significant projects, we analyze original mortar composition to create an appropriate match.
- Careful Removal: Deteriorated mortar is removed by hand to the proper depth without damaging surrounding brick.
- Matching Materials: We source appropriate lime mortars and, if needed, salvaged brick that matches the original.
- Skilled Application: Our masons apply new mortar using traditional techniques that ensure proper bonding and appearance.
Maintaining Historic Brick
Prevention is always better than repair. Regular gentle cleaning, prompt repair of small issues before they grow, and protection from water intrusion (proper gutters, drainage, and caulking) will keep historic masonry sound for another century.